Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition that affects the skin cells' life cycle. In a normal skin cycle, new skin cells are produced and replace the old ones every few weeks. However, in psoriasis, the immune system mistakenly accelerates this process, causing the skin cells to build up rapidly on the surface of the skin.

Symptoms of Psoriasis:

Red patches of skin: Psoriasis typically presents as red, inflamed patches of skin. These patches can be small or large and are often covered with silver or white scales.

Thickened skin: The affected skin may become thick and raised. It may feel rough or have a leathery texture.

Dry, cracked skin: Psoriasis can cause dryness and cracking of the skin, leading to discomfort and pain. This is especially common in areas prone to friction, such as elbows, knees, and hands.

Itching and burning: The affected skin may be itchy and may also cause a burning sensation. Scratching the affected areas can worsen the condition and lead to further skin damage.

Nail changes: Psoriasis can affect the nails, causing them to become pitted, discolored, or ridged. In some cases, nails may also detach from the nail bed.

Joint pain and swelling: Some people with psoriasis may develop a type of arthritis called psoriatic arthritis. This can cause joint pain, stiffness, and swelling, often affecting the fingers, toes, knees, or ankles.

Scalp involvement: Psoriasis can affect the scalp, leading to the formation of thick scales and itchy patches. These patches may extend beyond the hairline onto the forehead, neck, or ears.

Sensitive skin: Psoriasis-affected skin may be sensitive and prone to irritation. It can be easily triggered by certain factors, such as stress, injuries, or certain medications.

Causes of psoriasis:

• Genetic predisposition
• Immune system dysfunction
• Environmental triggers
• Inflammation
• Lifestyle factors